Benefits Of Different Types Of Participaton - 1657 Words

DESCRIBE THE BENEFITS OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF PARTICIPATON TO THE INDIVIDUAL COMMUNITY SHERYL MARSHALL LEVEL 6B ADVANCED SPORTS AND FITNESS TUTOR: BRIAN WOOLFSON Table of Contents Page 1 Terms of Reference; Procedure; Findings; Benefits to the Individual Page 2 Benefits to the individual continued Page 3 Benefits to the community Page 4 Conclusion Page 5 Reference page Terms of Reference In September 2016, our class was asked by Elizabeth Smith to collate a report describing the different types of participation to the Individual and community. Procedure Research was carried out by visiting Irvine Community Sports Club, interviewing members of the public and exploring various online sources. Findings There are compelling benefits to carrying out regular exercise to an individual, such as weight loss, increased strength, physical as well as mental health improvements, confidence and social aspects. Similarly, the benefits to the community are also noteworthy, including improving community spirit, reduction of NHS costings and greater infrastructure. Benefits to the individual The NHS states ‘’adults require at least one hundred and fifty minutes of moderate aerobic activity’’ or ‘’seventy-five minutes of vigorous aerobic activity a week’’. The main result of exercise which people are looking for is weight loss. If we exercise and burn more calories than

Segregation on America - 2830 Words

America has been dealing with segregation from its birth. Many of us wonder today if America should be resegregated. â€Å"To segregate is to: to require often with force, the separation of (a specific racial, religious, or other group) from the general body of society.† (Dictionary.com). In order to understand our selves, we must first understand Segregation in America. The constantly changing fashionable take on Segregation in America demonstrates the depth of the subject. In this research paper I am going to take a look at the past, present, future of segregation, and its effects on society today. By looking at America’s past life of segregation, we may open wounds for many that have been covered with salt and that also may bring out†¦show more content†¦When it came to education, blacks were given hand me downs, and poor equipment for other things if they received any at all. Blacks were not allowed to go to the same schools as whites. Everything was separa te. The education that the average black student received from a southern school was minuet compared to the education that the white children received. The social activities that were available for black were also limited, sports has been one of the most loved pass time activities for Americans. A lot of college students who participate in sports were found by college scouts in high school because of their sports records that they hold. Back in the past this was not available to black because they did not do college scouting at (negro) schools, they looked passed their talent. The schools for blacks were even substantially smaller than the white’s. Looking at the view from the white’s aspect they were the students that had the newest and best material that was available. Comparing the education between the white’s and blacks I would say that the white’s received better educational opportunities the blacks. Majority of the teachers for the most part, went to college and had proof of being able to teach the required material. Having the lacking end of the educational system many of the blacks wished that th ey had the same opportunity as the whites did. They way that this was accomplished wasShow MoreRelatedEssay on The Segregation of School in America1209 Words   |  5 PagesThe Segregation of School in America In history there are two major turning points in the fight for equal rights. The first was â€Å"Homer Plessey vs. The rail road company† of 1986. Homer Plessey was asked to sit in a black only carriage and refused; he was kicked off the train. He decided to take his case to the supreme court and they ruled in favour of segregation, saying â€Å"separate but equal†. 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How long will this take, and will it ever just work itself out? Why are there ghettos and how did they come about. Why are most ghettos in towns and cities in parts that are usually run down? Well if we can remember back in time when immigrants started to enter the United States the differentRead MoreSeparate and Unequal: Overcoming Segregation in America1928 Words   |  8 PagesAt the time of the African-American Civil Rights movement, segregation was abundant in all aspects of life. Separation, it seemed, was the new motto for all of America. But change was coming. In order to create a nation of true equality, segregation had to be eradicated throughout all of America. Although most people tend to think that it was only well-known, and popular figureheads such as M artin Luther King Junior or Rosa Parks, who were the sole launchers of the African-American Civil Rights movementRead MoreEssay on Racism, Racial Profiling and Segregation in America2491 Words   |  10 Pagesbut also very common at State University. Although the Supreme Court in 1954 in Brown vs. The Topeka Board of Education declared segregation illegal, our student center today probably looks the way diners looked sixty years ago. Blacks are sitting in a secluded section of the Student Center; while whites are sitting in their own self-designated section. The segregation between blacks and whites in the State University Student Center is simply a natural occurrence between the two races. 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Laws regarding some situations job applications as well as accepting students is called an affirmative action

Legislative Branch free essay sample

There are many important parts in the process of the legislative branch. The legislative branch creates laws, and during that process many things must happen. The bill must pass majority votes for the House, the Senate and then the President must sign the bill into law. If the President vetoes it, the Senate can override it. The legislative branch is very complex but important to our country’s government. The most important step of the legislative branch is when a bill becomes a law. The very intricate course that the bill takes is what legislation is all about. Since not all bills become laws, it is important that they pass majority of votes in the House and Senate. If it does not pass, the bill is destroyed and will have to start the editing journey over again. It is for this reason that the process of a bill becoming a law is a crucial step in the legislative process. We will write a custom essay sample on Legislative Branch or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The Senates ability to override is another very important aspect to the legislative branch. The Senate displays a very equal disbursement of each state in a fair manner, two per state. If the President vetoes a law, the Senate has the power to override it. This is very important because it assures voices from every state to be heard, rather than just the President’s. It also gives the bill another chance to become a law. The power of the Senate plays a huge role in the legislative branch. The legislative branch is the most important branch of government. It has a very elaborate process in which a bill must go through. Some aspects are more substantial than others. When a bill officially becomes a law is essential, as well as the Senate’s qualification to override the President’s decision. The complexity of the legislative lawmaking process does not undermine the importance of each step taken to create the law.

The Self in the World the Social Context of Sylvia Plaths Late Poems Essay Example

The Self in the World: the Social Context of Sylvia Plaths Late Poems Essay The Self in the World: The Social Context of Sylvia Plaths Late Poems, [(essay date 1980) In the following essay, Annas offers analysis of depersonalization in Plaths poetry which, according to Annas, embodies Plaths response to oppressive modern society and her dual consciousness of self as both subject and object. ] For surely it is time that the effect of disencouragement upon the mind of the artist should be measured, as I have seen a dairy company measure the effect of ordinary milk and Grade A milk upon the body of the rat. They set two rats in cages side by side, and of the two one was furtive, timid and small, and the other was glossy, bold and big. Now what food do we feed women as artists upon? Virginia Woolf, A Room of Ones Own The dialectical tension between self and world is the location of meaning in Sylvia Plaths late poems. Characterized by a conflict between stasis and movement, isolation and engagement, these poems are largely about what stands in the way of the possibility of rebirth for the self. In Totem, she writes: There is no terminus, only suitcases / Out of which the same self unfolds like a suit / Bald and shiny, with pockets of wishes / Notions and tickets, short circuits and folding mirrors. While in the early poems the self was often imaged in terms of its own possibilities for transformation, in the post-Colossus poems the self is more often seen as trapped within a closed cycle. One movesbut only in a circle and continuously back to the same starting point. Rather than the self and the world, the Ariel poems record the self in the world. We will write a custom essay sample on The Self in the World: the Social Context of Sylvia Plaths Late Poems specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Self in the World: the Social Context of Sylvia Plaths Late Poems specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Self in the World: the Social Context of Sylvia Plaths Late Poems specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The self can change and develop, transform and be reborn, only if the world in which it exists does; the possibilities of the self are intimately and inextricably bound up with those of the world. Sylvia Plaths sense of entrapment, her sense that her choices are profoundly limited, is directly connected to the particular time and place in which she wrote her poetry. Betty Friedan describes the late fifties and early sixties for American women as a comfortable concentration campphysically luxurious, mentally oppressive and impoverished. The recurring metaphors of fragmentation and reificationthe abstraction of the individualin Plaths late poetry are socially and historically based. They are images of Nazi concentration camps, of fire and bombs through the roof (The Applicant), of cannons, of trains, of wars, wars, wars (Daddy). And they are images of kitchens, iceboxes, adding machines, typewriters, and the depersonalization of hospitals. The sea and the moon are still important images for Plath, but in the Ariel poems they have taken on a harsher quality. The moon, also, is merciless, she writes in Elm. While a painfully acute sense of the depersonalization and fragmentation of 1950s America is characteristic of Ariel, three poems describe particularly well the social landscape within which the I of Sylvia Plaths poems is trapped: The Applicant, Cut, and The Munich Mannequins. The Applicant is explicitly a portrait of marriage in contemporary Western culture. However, the courtship and wedding in the poem represe nt not only male/female relations but human relations in general. That job seeking is the central metaphor in The Applicant suggests a close connection between the capitalist economic system, the patriarchal family structure, and the general depersonalization of human relations. Somehow all interaction between people, and especially that between men and women, given the history of the use of women as items of barter, seems here to be conditioned by the ideology of a bureaucratized market place. However this system got started, both men and women are implicated in its perpetuation. As in many of Plaths poems, one feels in reading The Applicant that Plath sees herself and her imaged personae as not merely caught invictims ofthis situation, but in some sense culpable as well. In The Applicant, the poet is speaking directly to the reader, addressed as you throughout. We too are implicated, for we too are potential applicants. People are described as crippled and as dismembered pieces of bodies in the first stanza of The Applicant. Thus imagery of dehumanization begins the poem. Moreover, the pieces described here are not even flesh, but a glass eye, false teeth or a crutch, / A brace or a hook, / Rubber breasts or a rubber crotch. We are already so involved in a sterile and machine-dominated culture that we are likely part artifact and sterile ourselves. One is reminded not only of the imagery of other Plath poems, but also of the controlling metaphor of Ken Keseys One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest, written at about the same time as The Applicantin 1962, and Chief Bromdens conviction that those people who are integrated into society are just collections of wheels and cogs, smaller replicas of a smoothly functioning larger social machine. The ward is a factory for the Combine, Bromden thinks. Something that came all twisted different is now a functioning, adjusted component, a credit to the whole outfit and a marvel to behold. Watch him sliding across the land with a welded grin . . . In stanza two of The Applicant, Plath describes the emptiness which characterizes the applicant and which is a variant on the roboticized activity of Keseys Adjusted Man. Are there stitches to show somethings missing? she asks. The applicants hand is empty, so she provides a hand To fill it and willing To bring teacups and roll away headaches And do whatever you tell it Will you marry it? Throughout the poem, people are talked about as parts and surfaces. The suit introduced in stanza three is at least as alive as the hollow man and me chanical doll woman of the poem. In fact, the suit, an artifact, has more substance and certainly more durability than the person to whom it is offered in marriage. Ultimately, it is the suit which gives shape to the applicant where before he was shapeless, a junk heap of fragmented parts. I notice you are stark naked. How about this suit Black and stiff, but not a bad fit. Will you marry it? It is waterproof, shatterproof, proof Against fire and bombs through the roof. Believe me, theyll bury you in it. The man in the poem is finally defined by the black suit he puts on, but the definition of the woman shows her to be even more alienated and dehumanized. While the man is a junk heap of miscellaneous parts given shape by a suit of clothes, the woman is a wind-up toy, a puppet of that black suit. She doesnt even exist unless the black suit needs and wills her to. Will you marry it? It is guaranteed To thumb shut your eyes at the end And dissolve of sorrow. We make new stock from the salt. The woman in the poem is referred to as it. Like the man, she has no individuality, but where his suit gives him form, standing for the role he plays in a bureaucratic society, for the work he does, the only thing that gives the woman form is the institution of marriage. She does not exist before it and dissolves back into nothingness after it. In The Applicant there is at least an implication that something exists underneath the mans black suit; that however fragmented he is, he at least marries the suit and he at least has a choice. In contrast, the woman is the role she plays; she does not exist apart from it. Naked as paper to start, Plath writes, But in twenty-five years shell be silver, In fifty, gold. A living doll, everywhere you look. It can sew, it can cook. It can talk, talk, talk. The man, the type of a standard issue corporation junior executive, is also alienated. He has freedom of choice only in comparison to the much more limited situation of the woman. That is to say, he has relative freedom of choice in direct proportion to his role as recognized worker in the economic structure of his society. This should not imply, however, that this man is in any kind of satisfying and meaningful relation to his work. The emphasis in The Applicant upon the mans surfacehis black suittogether with the opening question of the poem (First, are you our sort of person? ) suggests that even his relationship to his work is not going to be in any sense direct or satisfying. It will be filtered first through the suit of clothes, then through the glass eye and rubber crotch before it can reach the real human being, assuming there is anything left of him. The woman in the poem is seen as an appendage; she works, but she works in a realm outside socially recognized labor. She works for the man in the black suit. She is seen as making contact with the world only through the medium of the man, who is already twice removed. This buffering effect is exacerbated by the fact that the man is probably not engaged in work that would allow him to feel a relationship to the product of his labor. He is probably a bureaucrat of some kind, and therefore his relationship is to pieces of paper, successive and fragmented paradigms of the product (whatever it is, chamberpots or wooden tables) rather than to the product itself. And of course, the more buffered the man is, the more buffered the woman is, for in a sense her real relationship to the world of labor is that of consumer rather than producer. Therefore, her only relationship to socially acceptable productionas opposed to consumptionis through the man. In another sense, however, the woman is not a consumer, but a commodity. Certainly she is seen as a commodity in this poem, as a reward only slightly less important than his black suit, which the man receives for being our sort of person. It can be argued that the man is to some extent also a commodity; yet just as he is in a sense more a laborer and less a consumer than the womanat least in terms of the social recognition of his positionso in a second sense he is more a consumer and less a commodity than the woman. And when we move out from the particularly flat, paper-like image of the woman in the poem to the consciousness which speaks the poem in a tone of bitter irony, then the situation of the woman as unrecognized worker/recognized commodity becomes clearer. The man in The Applicant, because of the middle class bureaucratic nature of his work (one does not wear a new black suit to work in a steel mill or to handcraft a cabinet) and because of his position vis-a-vis the woman (her social existence depends upon his recognition), is more a member of an exploiting class than one which is exploited. There are some parts of his world, specifically those involving the woman, in which he can feel himself relatively in control and therefore able to understand his relationship to this world in a contemplative way. Thus, whatever we may think of the system he has bought into, he himself can see it as comparatively stable, a paradigm with certain static features which nevertheless allows him to move upward in an orderly fashion. Within the context of this poem, then, and within the context of the womans relationship to the man in the black suit, she is finally both worker and commodity while he is consumer. Her position is close to that of the Marxist conception of the proletariat. Fredric Jameson, in Marxism and Form, defines the perception of external objects and events which arises naturally in the consciousness of an individual who is simultaneously worker and commodity. Even before [the worker] posits elements of the outside world as objects of his thought, he feels himself to be an object, and this initial alienation within himself takes precedence over everything else. Yet precisely in this terrible alienation lies the strength of the workers position: his first movement is not toward knowledge of the work but toward knowledge of himself as an object, toward self-consciousness. Yet this self-consciousness, because it is initially knowledge of an object (himself, his own labor as a commodity, his life force which he is under obligation to sell), permits him more genuine knowledge of the commodity nature of the outside world than is granted to middle-class objectivity. For [and here Jameson quotes Georg Lukacs in The History of Class Consciousness] his consciousness is the self-consciousness of merchandise itself . . . This dual consciousness of self as both subject and object is characteristic of the literature of minority and/or oppressed classes. It is characteristic of the proletarian writer in his (admittedly often dogmatic) perception of his relation to a decadent past, a dispossessed present, and a utopian future. It is characteristic of black American writers; W. E. B. Du Bois makes a statement very similar in substance to Jamesons in The Souls of Black Folk, and certainly the basic existential condition of Ellisons invisible man is his dual consciousness which only toward the end of that novel becomes a means to freedom of action rather than paralysis. It is true of contemporary women writers, of novelists like Doris Lessing, Margaret Atwood, and Rita Mae Brown, and of poets like Denise Levertov, Adrienne Rich, and Marge Piercy. In a sense, it is more characteristic of American literature than of any other major world literature, for each immigrant group, however great its desire for assimilation into the American power structure, initially possessed this dual consciousness. Finally, a dialectical perception of self as both subject and object, both worker and commodity, in relation to past and future as well as present, is characteristic of revolutionary literature, whether the revolution is political or cultural. Sylvia Plath has this dialectical awareness of self as both subject and object in particular relation to the society in which she lived. The problem for her, and perhaps the main problem of Cold War America, is in the second aspect of a dialectical consciousnessan awareness of oneself in significant relation to past and future. The first person narrator of what is probably Plaths best short story, Johnny Panic and the Bible of Dreams, is a clerk/typist in a psychiatric clinic, a self-described dream connoisseur who keeps her own personal record of all the dreams which pass through her office, and who longs to look at the oldest record book the Psychoanalytic Institute possesses. This dream book was spanking new the day I was born, she says, and elsewhere makes the connection even clearer: The clinic started thirty-three years agothe year of my birth, oddly enough. This connection suggests the way in which Plath uses history and views herself in relation to it. The landscape of her late work is a contemporary social landscape. It goes back in time to encompass such significant historical events as the Rosenberg trial and executionthe opening chapter of The Bell Jar alludes dramatically to these eventsand of course it encompasses, is perhaps obsessed with, the major historical event of Plaths time, the second world war. But social history seems to stop for Plath where her own life starts, and it is replaced at that point by a mythic timeless past populated by creatures from folk tale and classical mythology. This is not surprising, since as a woman this poet had little part in shaping history. Why should she feel any relation to it? But more crucially, there is no imagination of the future in Sylvia Plaths work, no utopian or even antiutopian consciousness. In her poetry there is a dialectical consciousness of the self as simultaneously object and subject, but in her particular social context she was unable to develop a consciousness of herself in relation to a past and future beyond her own lifetime. This foreshortening of a historical consciousness affects in turn the dual consciousness of self in relation to itself (as subject) and in relation to the world (as object). It raises the question of how one accounts objectively for oneself. For instance, if I am involved in everything I see, can I still be objective and empirical in my perception, free from myth and language? Finally, this foreshortening of historical consciousness affects the question of whether the subject is a function of the object or vice versa. Since the two seem to have equal possibilities, this last question is never resolved. As a result, the individual feels trapped; and in Sylvia Plaths poetry one senses a continual struggle to be reborn into some new present which causes the perceiving consciousness, when it opens its eyes, to discover that it has instead (as in Lady Lazarus) made a theatrical / Comeback in broad day / To the same place, the same face, the same brute / Amused shout: A miracle! This difficulty in locating the self and the concomitant suspicion that as a result the self may be unreal are clear in poems like Cut, which describe the self-image of the poet as paper. The ostensible occasion of Cut is slicing ones finger instead of an onion; the first two stanzas of the poem describe the cut finger in minute and almost naturalistic detail. There is a suppressed hyst eria here which is only discernible in the poems curious mixture of surrealism and objectivity. The images of the poem are predominantly images of terrorism and war, immediately suggested to the poet by the sight of her bleeding finger: out of a gap / A million soldiers run, Saboteur / Kamikaze man, and finally, trepanne d veteran. The metaphors of war are extensive, and, though suggested by the actual experience, they are removed from it. In the one place in the poem where the speaker mentions her own feelings as a complete entity (apart from but including her cut finger) the image is of paper. She says, O my Homunculus, I am ill. I have taken a pill to kill The thin Papery feeling. Paper often stands for the self-image of the poet in the post-Colossus poems. It is used in the title poem of Crossing the Water, where the two black cut-paper people appear less substantial and less real than the solidity and immensity of the natural world surrounding them. In the play Three Women, the Secretary says of the men in her office: there was something about them like cardboard, and now I had caught it. She sees her own infertility as directly related to her complicity in a bureaucratic, impersonal, male-dominated society. Paper is symbolic of our particular socioeconomic condition and its characteristic bureaucratic labor. It stands for insubstantiality; the paper model of something is clearly less real than the thing itself, even though in developed economies the machines, accoutrements, and objects appear to have vitality, purpose, and emotion, while the people are literally colorless, objectified, and atrophied. The paper self is therefore part of Plaths portrait of a depersonalized society, a bureaucracy, a paper world. In A Life (Crossing the Water), she writes: A woman is dragging her shadow in a circle / About a bald hospital saucer. / It resembles the moon, or a sheet of blank paper / And appears to have suffered a private blitzkrieg. In Tulips the speaker of the poem, also a hospital patient, describes herself as flat, ridiculous, a cut-paper shadow / Between the eye of the sun and the eyes of the tulips. In The Applicant, the woman is again described as paper: Naked as paper to start / But in twenty-five years shell be silver, / In fifty, gold. Here in Cut, the thin, / Papery feeling juxtaposes her emotional dissociation from the wound to the horrific detail of the cut and the bloody images of conflict it suggests. It stands for her sense of depersonalization, for the separation of self from self, and is juxtaposed to that devaluation of human life which is a necessary precondition to war, the separation of society from itself. In this context, it is significant that one would take a pill to kill a feeling of substancelessness and depersonalization. Writing about American women in the 1950s, Betty Friedan asks, Just what was the problem that had no name? What were the words women used when they tried to express it? Sometimes a woman would say, I feel empty somehow . . . incomplete. Or she would say, I feel as if I dont exist. Sometimes she blotted out the feeling with a tranquilizer. A papery world is a sterile world; this equation recurs throughout the Ariel poems. For Sylvia Plath, stasis and perfection are always associated with sterility, while fertility is associated with movement and process. The opening lines of The Munich Mannequins introduce this equation. Perfection is terrible, Plath writes, it cannot have children. / Cold as snow breath, it tamps the womb / Where the yew trees blow like hydras. The setting of The Munich Mannequins is a city in winter. Often, Plaths poems have imaged winter as a time of rest preceding rebirth (Wintering, Frog Autumn), but only when the reference point is nature. The natural world is characterized in Sylvia Plaths poems by process, by the ebb and flow of months and seasons, by a continu al dying and rebirth. The moon is a symbol for the monthly ebb and flow of the tides and of a womans body. The social world, however, the world of the city, is both male defined and separated from this process. In the city, winter has more sinister connotations; it suggests death rather than hibernation. Here the cold is equated with the perfection and sterility to which the poems opening lines refer. Perfection stands in The Munich Mannequins for something artificially created and part of the social world. The poem follows the male quest for perfection to its logical endmannequins in a store windowlifeless and mindless in their sulphur loveliness, in their smiles. The mannequins contrast with the real woman in the same way that the city contrasts with the moon. The real woman is not static but complicated: The tree of life and the tree of life Unloosing their moons, month after month, to no purpose. The blood flood is the flood of love, The absolute sacrifice However, in Munich, morgue between Paris and Rome, the artificial has somehow triumphed. Women have become mannequins or have been replaced by mannequins, or at least mannequins seem to have a greater reality because they are more ordered and comprehensible than real women. It is appropriate that Plath should focus on the middle class of a German city, in a country where fascism was a middle class movement and women allowed themselves to be idealized, to be perfected, to be made, essentially, into mannequins. In The Munich Mannequins, as in The Applicant, Plath points out the deadening of human beings, their disappearance and fragmentation and accretion into the objects that surround them. In The Applicant the woman is a paper doll; here she has been replaced by a store window dummy. In The Applicant all that is left of her at the end is a kind of saline solution; in The Munich Mannequins the only remaining sign of her presence is the domesticity of these windows / The baby lace, the green-leaved confectionery. And where the man in The Applicant is described in terms of his black suit, here the men are described in terms of their shoes, present in the anonymity of hotel corridors, where Hands will be opening doors and setting Down shoes for a polish of carbon Into which broad toes will go tomorrow. People accrete to their things, are absorbed into their artifacts. Finally, they lose all sense of a whole self and become atomized. Parts of them connect to their shoes, parts to their suits, parts to their lace curtains, parts to their iceboxes, and so on. There is nothing left; people have become reified and dispersed into a cluttered artificial landscape of their own production. Because the world she describes is a place created by men rather than women (since men are in control of the forces of production), Plath sees men as having ultimate culpability for this state of affairs which affects both men and women. But men have gone further than this in their desire to change and control the world around them. In The Munich Mannequins man has finally transformed woman into a puppet, a mannequin, something that reflects both his disgust with and his fear of women. A mannequin cannot have children, but neither does it have that messy, terrifying, and incomprehensible blood flow each month. Mannequins entirely do away with the problems of female creativity and self-determination. Trapped inside this vision, therefore, the speaker of the Ariel poems sees herself caught between nature and society, biology and intellect, Dionysus and Apollo, her self definition and the expectations of others, as between two mirrors. Discussion of the Ariel poems has often centered around Sylvia Plaths most shocking images. Yet her images of wars and concentration camps, of mass and individual violence, are only the end result of an underlying depersonalization, an abdication of people to their artifacts, and an economic and social structure that equates people and objects. Like the paper doll woman in The Applicant, Sylvia Plath was doubly alienated from such a world, doubly objectified by it, and as a woman artist, doubly isolated within it. Isolated both from a past tradition and a present community, she found it difficult to structure new alternatives for the future. No wonder her individual quest for rebirth failed as it led her continuously in a circle back to the same self in the

Fernandos character from a biophysical perspective

Fernandos character from a biophysical perspective Introduction The predicaments that defines the behaviors and characters of a sixteen year old Fernando is an aftermath of a legacy left behind by a father vague of human values. Fernando finds himself in an oasis of a community bred in a background of social evils intoxicating his mind from early childhood.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Fernando’s character from a biophysical perspective specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In his quest to break out from the ‘tradition’ that is so akin to his family make- up, his mindset and choices lead him to subconsciously live the same life his people lived from generations back. This is characterized by drugs and affiliation with gangs and a negative exposure to the authorities at a very tender age. Fernando hails from a family that is quickly disintegrating into the abyss that is the societal rote in their community of drug abusers. Their lives are unpredictab le since they are always at loggerheads with the local administration (like the police), as a result spending so much of their time serving jail terms rotting in jails. Others get embroiled in fights that are far too common in their community set-up; they are affiliated to gangs which normally sort out their differences brutally by killing the members of the factions working against them. These children hail from much disoriented backgrounds, Fernando’s father was a drug addict who had little time to guide and care for his children, he battered his wife even when he was drunk and was rather callous with his affairs. His mother, on the other hand, had to run away due to the battering and though they met on the streets, they hardly shared a lot. The result of all this is a child of Fernando’s behavior, whose attitude and perceptions about life was suicidal and the victim was himself. These children end up copying what they deem fit or ‘cool’ in the society, because they do not have a strong figure to guide them. Goldstein (1995) believes that such characters have very weak social foundations and their reaction towards people is rather cold. They have a tendency to always look for trouble and they feel good about it. They hardly think about the future, they live under the notion that today they are alive but tomorrow they will either be dead or in jail. Of all this, none of them is a big deal.Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Thought Fernando’s life, several factors have contributed to the persona he was when he was last interviewed. The social factors, cultural factors, the category they’re placed on in society by society itself and community factors play a major role. Fernando’s characters all the way from infantile have been borrowing traits from the people around him and as a result have grown solidly in to the extreme it is. His recognition of the self has diminished to the extent that he does not value his life anymore, though he has no weaknesses, his abilities are rarely used in other helpful activities like playing or learning. Berzoff and Hertz (2008) explains that Self recognition portrays to them an idea of what people see and when they look at them, in this case this stems from infancy whereby child neglect contributes to a high percentage the feeling of worthlessness. They eventually conclude that they are bad and do so little to change this perception. Self reflection is evident in all the age groups with the three to five year old’, center of attention being much of physical aspects like the picture he portrays on the outside, his belongings and his abilities. When this child grows towards attaining puberty, his sense of the self develops too, enabling him to communicate his thoughts more carefully through the word of mouth and easily from what he understands. The y combine their own feelings and individuality by means of re-combining their past experiences to the present and other new occurrences’ as they happen in their lives. This maybe in the form of new ethical values learnt their sexual direction, their political belief systems and their cultural identity. Family dynamics on the impact of behavior Fernando had an insecure relationship with the parents. The mother left him at a tender age and never bothered checking on them again. They only met in the streets and hardly shared anything. His father, being the alcoholic had no time for his children and family, and he never enforced the ideals he preached to his children like not taking alcohol. The children themselves acknowledge that had they been given direction in life, they would be different from what they had ended up like. The absentee parents, as a result of this ended up having children that could not even trust them, leave alone non family members. They are not emotive whe n separated from the parents and neither do they fancy interaction with their parents.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Fernando’s character from a biophysical perspective specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More They are cold towards them and this is how they are brought up from their tender ages. In the evolution of their mindsets, from the core consciousness to the secondary consciousness, the parents played a very minor role in bringing up their children. The children learnt for themselves the many aspects that they had to grapple with in their infancy. The environment the children are exposed to or grow within greatly affects the structure of the brain, defining the character of the individual that comes out eventually. Middle childhood put much focus on the components that make up the mind i.e. id, ego and superego. According to Erickson, Fernando is at a level of self identity as he struggles to break from the caucus of emotional dependency. He battles with identity diffusion trying to make his own decisions which he feels are genuine. The environment either stifles or promotes the structure and functionalities in an infant’s brain. The early relationship a child has with its parents goes a long to affect the level, depth and quality of his other relationships when he grows. This reasoning by Berzoff and Hertz (2008) is attributed to the fact that his connection to the parents has a direct influence on the maturity of his right brain and a set of connections that match data to the environment. The mothers touch to the baby at the tender age also shapes the child’s dendrite growth. Lack of these or exposure to long distressing states alters the organization exposing this child to susceptibility. The result is a child with a detached mental state who doesn’t feel guilty when on the wrong; a child who feels everything must go his way and is very irrational. This incident happened on Fernando’s life when he was very young, never exposed or had very little exposure to a mother’s love, he was given very little attention and as a result he ended up being rude even to his tutors. This strengthened his resolve about the street; nobody would tell him if anything was going awry on his part. Freudian theory sheds light to the woes bedeviling Fernando by trying to comprehend the developmental stages through his (Fernando) journey of life. From early childhood to the mid adolescent age Fernando’s life has been patchy embedded in an environment with uncouth behavior that portrays a community less sensitive to values.Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Freud integrates the structure of the brain (Id, Ego, and Superego) and the surrounding environment through developmental stages to insight the persona in Fernando. There is a clear relationship between the behavior and the environment. Freud purports that a person’s character is a product of classical Freudian theory, object relations, ego psychology, self psychology and learning theory. Fernando’s behaviors are an aftermath of self psychology which stems from disintegrated family devoid of cohesiveness. He is exhibiting phallic stage according to Mehler portraying psychological self separation-individualization fearing loss of the object. Fernando, like any other child born from this environment is susceptible to behaving the way he does since the environment treats him cruelly prompting him to form defensive as well as survival tactics. Efforts to rehabilitate him are bound to be futile since the characters are embedded deep in his genes. The death of his grandmothe r dealt him a big blow too. She was among the people he was closest to and her passing away meant he had been snatched a companion, a friend. To the infants, passing away of somebody close to them has a big effect to their development; they take long to understand though they eventually do. They try to seek their own explanation of events on why things happened the way they did. They try to link their death to something big that happened around the time the funeral occurred. To the young infants mind that is what caused the ‘big sleep’, as they often call it. In Fernando’s case this is evident through the mourning process where he blames himself for hitting his grandmother. This happened sometime before she died when she was trying to defend her grandmother against his uncle and hit her accidentally. He believes he is the cause of her death and pleads vehemently for forgiveness from her. Fernando’s case highlights the plight of such children; they â€Å"a lways have one person they are really passionate about and when he or she passes on they have a tendency to blame themselves for all that happened to the deceased†(Lee, 2001). The effects of social, culture, class, ethnic and community factors Fernando has issues with his self esteem and his ego. He quickly dismisses education claiming he was a quick learner and school became boring to him. He compares his being in school to being out there in the complexity of the drug network ring making money. He admits that that is time he would be wasting and that time would be better spent making money out here. He could earn money, about $ 700 per week legitimately distributing bread around town but has resorted to selling drugs. The ego defenses at play in Fernando’s life whenever he is encountered show a person who is weak and is hiding from the reality. He lives in utter denial of his real state and is motivated by the gang to do whatever he does. They give him a sense of â₠¬Å"brotherliness making him feel at home even though he knows life being a member in the gang is as temporary as the gang itself. They fight against each other, injuring each other sometimes even killing each other in gang wars† (Aronson and Lesser, 2011). They have little regard for the law and have developed a carefree attitude toward life. All this happens despite the fact that he knows there’s a life outside this ring. He hides in the ideologies of the group, living a high life; stealing cars even police cars, handling illegal weapons and consuming drugs. He escaped prison after only serving four months in jail instead of the eighteen he had been sentenced to. Hogan (2005) believes that Fernando hides in the present, and does feel comfortable being questioned about what tomorrow holds. He is fully aware about the repercussions of his actions yet he doesn’t care. Fernando’s projection affects others, his idea about being naughty and awoke in him need to be photographed with drugs. This he had wished it be made public, but then it was meant to smear the image of the police’ department. Fernando’s characters have roots in the environment which encompasses the social and cultural practices as well as class and ethnicity. Fernando hails from a community that embraces domestic violence which is the norm of the society. This, together with the lower social status of the community propels the way men behave the way they do. They yearn for better life out of bondage of poverty by seeking solace in a seemingly lucrative trade of drug peddling. As a result, they find themselves in unfamiliar circumstances that abuses drugs. In the centre of shaping the behaviors of a person, which happens in the early childhood of brain development, are the genetic influences. This together with the environment refine, reorganize as well as form neural connections responsible for future behaviors of an individual. The structure of the brain is composed of sub-cortical and cortical limp systems. The former is responsible for instinctive reflexes while the later deliberates reflexes to the environment. Their responses are a consequence of genetic makeup and environment. Fernando’s dissociation from the real life repercussions of his actions depict a life of a child who would have grown up straight had he been given a chance to. For him to conduct his drug business, he has had to shove away the feelings of guilt that plague him. According to Simonsson (2004), his motivation is that somehow he needs to survive; he needs to live his life and achieve all that he ever dreamt and aspired to be in life. He is fully aware that what he does is wrong and says he will opt out only after fulfilling his dreams and ambitions. Conclusion Fernando is just one boy lost in the quest to discover his true abilities. He has been so caught up in the rotation that is life at a tender age. His personal history and that of his family do mak e matters even worse. He has no proud moment in his life unless it is derived from his many escapades in life which are dangerous. Woodhead, and Faulkner (2000) states that the family history dates back to generations of drugs and disoriented families, and whenever he flashes back the only thing he gets is the reminder that he will die like his father, in jail He shudders at the thought of killing himself but with the drugs he is consuming and the age he is at, the idea is not farfetched. He is so scared about the future that he rarely devotes time to think and plan about it. He assumes that in a span of five years ahead of him, he would be either dead or in jail. This is usually the street assumption of the people and children living this kind of life. They take corrections negatively and they react fast to issues, sometimes overreacting. Hatred and war defines their world, and because they rarely went to school, they do not attach so much emphasis on education. The result is a chi ld with misplaced priorities and wrong ideas about what life is composed of, a child who lives by the gun and doesn’t think twice before pulling the trigger. This is what society entails, though if handled well and given all the love and attention at infantry, the child grows up to be a responsible member of the society who values good ideals. These children would also grow up with the family mindset and would strive to bring up upright citizens by giving them proper education, catering for their health and being there to support them when they need them. Children are good at emulating what their parents do, and if anything parents should strive to bring out the best in their children by living a positive and healthy life. References Aronson, J. Lesser, P. (2011) Human behavior and the social environment theory practice. Washington. Washington press. Berzoff, J., Hertz, P. (2008). Inside out and outside in: Psychodynamic clinical theory and psychopathology in contemporary multicultural contexts (2nd Ed.). New York, NY: New York University Press. Goldstein, E. (1995). Ego psychology and social work practice. New York: The Free Press Hogan, D. (2005). Researching ‘the child’ in developmental psychology: Researching Children’s Experience. Approaches and Methods. London: Sage Publications. Lee, N. (2001). Childhood and Society. Growing up in an age of uncertainty Maidenhed: Open University Press. Simonsson, M. (2004). Picture Books in Preschool – an Interactional Perspective. Linkoping Studies in Arts and Science. New York, NY. Bartsford Printing press. Woodhead, M. Faulkner, D. (2000). ‘Subjects, objects or participants? Dilemmas of psychological research with children’.London: Falmer Press.

Qualitative analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Qualitative analysis - Essay Example Through qualitative research, the group will be able to establish the characteristic that stands out among the members of the population hence this may be concluded as the behaviour of the population members. NOTE: The characteristics (qualities) could be behaviour, habits, grades, depending on the qualities the group will base their research on., qualitative research will be of great importance to the general public, like to businessman, they can easily learn the preferences of their customers, to politicians, they can learn the expectations of the general public in terms of leadership and sometimes even managers can learn the attitude of their workers towards them. Through the different groups of people learning about what others think, expect and want ,the general public will be able to benefit by having different leaders, like politicians keeping to the expectations of the general public thus better running of public affairs. Also businessmen will keep to the standards that their customers expect among other benefits. The data to be collected is mainly primary data and the group will mainly collect their data through interviews which will be audiotape thus this interviews could be conducted by visiting the sites of the survey or through radio and also through telephone calls. The group is to study the different... a to be collected is mainly primary data and the group will mainly collect their data through interviews which will be audiotape thus this interviews could be conducted by visiting the sites of the survey or through radio and also through telephone calls. The group is to study the different qualities of the population and they might identify outstanding practices in their study and also learn why the population has to practice certain characteristics in relation to the qualities identified. This research is to be carried out by the focus group in a site of their own choice where they find suitable depending on the qualities they would like to study, in relation to the population of their choice. METHODS OF ANALYSIS Qualitative data can mainly be analyzed by describing data using: i) Numerical methods and ii) Graphical methods. Numerical analysis: The data could be classified into Classes: This is where data in the audiotapes is categorised in relation to the different qualities being studied. (Data is grouped into: Class frequency: The number of observations in the data set falling in a particular class grouped together. Class relative frequency: The class frequency divided by the total number of observations in the data set. Through these descriptions, qualitative data can be analysed in a table such as the one shown below: Behaviour (class) No. of individuals (frequency) Relative frequency (proportion) Kind Rude polite 5 7 10 0.227 0.318 0.455 Totals 22 1.000 Advantages: i. One is able to get an overview of the data clearly in one glance. ii. We can easily determine the number of different individual that full under each quality. iii. The total number of the population of study can be easily determined and also the proportions. iv. They are easy to

Five- Year Report for Tesco PLC Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Five- Year Report for Tesco PLC - Essay Example The revenues declined in the year 2011 to a extend of 14% with respect to the previous year due to hike in prices of the UK market where the core business of the company lies and the 2012 showed stable growth by offsetting the fall in profits in the UK markets by its international business. Tesco plc emerged as a prominent figure in the turn of the 21st century .In the years to come Tesco is continuously striving for its expansion efforts in its core business in UK, retail services, international operations and operations in non food business. Till the period 2004 the company has gone for massive expansion plans. The company’s growth trajectory has been exceptionally been good over the years. Business Model of Tesco Tesco has evolved as an eminent player in the market over the last five years. It is basically because of the expertise it possesses in capital, human and financial area which can be harnessed across different geographical boundaries trough its sound business model . Figure 1: Business model of Tesco (Source: Tesco PLC, 2013, p.25) Tesco PCL’s way of creating and delivering value to its customers and associated group is rather simple but yet very effective. Its core business activities in a nutshell can be summarized as buying, moving and selling of products and services to its customers and also making use of the customer’s perspective to provide better value to its customers. The core activities are explained below. The company constantly interacts with its customers through focus groups, ongoing research trackers and social networking sites to take in customer feedback with regards to the pros and cons of its available products. These valuable suggestions from customers are incorporated through adding further value to these products such that the customers can derive greater benefits. It offers to its customers a great range of products and through its broad range of supply chain it makes its products available in UK and Europ e etc with much ease. The company through its vast network of distribution channel and advanced technological system is making the right kind of products available to its customers at the right time. This is achieved through making a proper forecast of customer’s needs through detailed models which takes into consideration of variables like seasonality, weather forecast and the responsiveness of the customers to the promotional efforts. Secondly, its ordering system updates itself on real time basis such that it can quickly replenish its supply stores with the right kind of products at the right time. Whether it is store or online shopping or both Tesco is acknowledged to have delivered greatest shopping experience. Its loyalty schemes, multi-format approach to the stores network ranging from large Extra stores to Metro and Express Convenience stores have made its selling a divine experience for its customers. Due to these core competencies of the company in offering value to its customers it stands out in comparison to its competitor as it market ratings suggest being the first rank holder in UK, first and second position in all markets of Asia except China and